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GatsbyjsとWordPressの連携をしたときのメモ
目次
react周りをいじりたくなりまして、なにができるかと色々みていたわけですが「seoが心配?」なら静的コンテンツに最適なGatsbyがあるで!ってことでGatsbyを試す材料としてWordPressと連携させてみました。
メモがてら書いていきます。
Gatsbyjsをインストールする
ドキュメントをみればわかるのですが導入はかんたん。
npm install -g gatsby-cli
gatsby new gatsby-site
cd gatsby-site
gatsby develop
これでhttp://localhost:8000/に表示されます。
WordPressと連携する
WordPressと連携させるには「gatsby-source-wordpress」を使います。
npm install --save gatsby-source-wordpress
そしてgatsby-config.jsのプラグインとして追加します
// In your gatsby-config.js
module.exports = {
plugins: [
/*
* Gatsby's data processing layer begins with “source”
* plugins. Here the site sources its data from WordPress.
*/
{
resolve: "gatsby-source-wordpress",
options: {
/*
* The base URL of the WordPress site without the trailingslash and the protocol. This is required.
* Example : 'demo.wp-api.org' or 'www.example-site.com'
*/
baseUrl: "live-gatbsyjswp.pantheonsite.io",
// The protocol. This can be http or https.
protocol: "https",
// The rest api route prefix that your WordPress site is using.
// Sometimes this is modified by WordPress plugins.
// If not set, it uses the default of "wp-json"
restApiRoutePrefix: "wp-json",
// Indicates whether the site is hosted on wordpress.com.
// If false, then the assumption is made that the site is self hosted.
// If true, then the plugin will source its content on wordpress.com using the JSON REST API V2.
// If your site is hosted on wordpress.org, then set this to false.
hostingWPCOM: false,
// If useACF is true, then the source plugin will try to import the WordPress ACF Plugin contents.
// This feature is untested for sites hosted on wordpress.com.
// Defaults to true.
useACF: true,
// Include specific ACF Option Pages that have a set post ID
// Regardless if an ID is set, the default options route will still be retrieved
// Must be using V3 of ACF to REST to include these routes
// Example: `["option_page_1", "option_page_2"]` will include the proper ACF option
// routes with the ID option_page_1 and option_page_2
// The IDs provided to this array should correspond to the `post_id` value when defining your
// options page using the provided `acf_add_options_page` method, in your WordPress setup
// Dashes in IDs will be converted to underscores for use in GraphQL
acfOptionPageIds: [],
auth: {
// If auth.user and auth.pass are filled, then the source plugin will be allowed
// to access endpoints that are protected with .htaccess.
htaccess_user: "your-htaccess-username",
htaccess_pass: "your-htaccess-password",
htaccess_sendImmediately: false,
// If hostingWPCOM is true then you will need to communicate with wordpress.com API
// in order to do that you need to create an app (of type Web) at https://developer.wordpress.com/apps/
// then add your clientId, clientSecret, username, and password here
// Learn about environment variables: https://www.gatsbyjs.org/docs/environment-variables
// If two-factor authentication is enabled then you need to create an Application-Specific Password,
// see https://en.support.wordpress.com/security/two-step-authentication/#application-specific-passwords
wpcom_app_clientSecret: process.env.WORDPRESS_CLIENT_SECRET,
wpcom_app_clientId: "54793",
wpcom_user: "gatsbyjswpexample@gmail.com",
wpcom_pass: process.env.WORDPRESS_PASSWORD,
// If you use "JWT Authentication for WP REST API" (https://wordpress.org/plugins/jwt-authentication-for-wp-rest-api/)
// or (https://github.com/jonathan-dejong/simple-jwt-authentication) requires jwt_base_path, path can be found in WordPress wp-api.
// plugin, you can specify user and password to obtain access token and use authenticated requests against WordPress REST API.
jwt_user: process.env.JWT_USER,
jwt_pass: process.env.JWT_PASSWORD,
jwt_base_path: "/jwt-auth/v1/token", // Default - can skip if you are using https://wordpress.org/plugins/jwt-authentication-for-wp-rest-api/
},
// Set cookies that should be send with requests to WordPress as key value pairs
cookies: {},
// Set verboseOutput to true to display a verbose output on `npm run develop` or `npm run build`
// It can help you debug specific API Endpoints problems.
verboseOutput: false,
// Set how many pages are retrieved per API request.
perPage: 100,
// Search and Replace Urls across WordPress content.
searchAndReplaceContentUrls: {
sourceUrl: "https://source-url.com",
replacementUrl: "https://replacement-url.com",
},
// Set how many simultaneous requests are sent at once.
concurrentRequests: 10,
// Set WP REST API routes whitelists
// and blacklists using glob patterns.
// Defaults to whitelist the routes shown
// in the example below.
// See: https://github.com/isaacs/minimatch
// Example: `["/*/*/comments", "/yoast/**"]`
// ` will either include or exclude routes ending in `comments` and
// all routes that begin with `yoast` from fetch.
// Whitelisted routes using glob patterns
includedRoutes: [
"**/categories",
"**/posts",
"**/pages",
"**/media",
"**/tags",
"**/taxonomies",
"**/users",
],
// Blacklisted routes using glob patterns
excludedRoutes: ["**/posts/1456"],
// Set this to keep media sizes.
// This option is particularly useful in case you need access to
// URLs for thumbnails, or any other media detail.
// Defaults to false
keepMediaSizes: false,
// use a custom normalizer which is applied after the built-in ones.
normalizer: function ({ entities }) {
return entities
},
// The normalizers option allows you to manipulate the array of internal
// normalizers that are applied to entities after they're fetched
// from WordPress.
// You can add your own normalizers to this array by adding an object
// that contains name and normalizer properties.
// Name is the name of your normalizer, and normalizer is a function that
// should return the array of entities that are passed to it.
// This is useful if you need more control over the order of normalizers,
// instead of your normalizer being applied after the built in normalizers (as is the case with the normalizer option).
normalizers: normalizers => [
...normalizers,
{
name: "nameOfTheFunction",
normalizer: function ({ entities }) {
// manipulate entities here
return entities
},
},
],
},
},
],
}
サンプルだと長いですが最低限baseUrlとprotocolだけ設定すれば動いてくれそうです。
また、ACFやYoastにも対応しているので使う場合は各種オプションの値を設定する必要がありそうです。
読み込むとこのようになります。
https://using-wordpress.gatsbyjs.org/
次にデータを読み込んで、テンプレートに渡す作業です。
gatsby-node.jsを編集する必要がありまして、例えば以下のようになります。
//gatsby-node.js
const path = require(`path`)
const { slash } = require(`gatsby-core-utils`)
// Implement the Gatsby API “createPages”. This is
// called after the Gatsby bootstrap is finished so you have
// access to any information necessary to programmatically
// create pages.
// Will create pages for WordPress pages (route : /{slug})
// Will create pages for WordPress posts (route : /post/{slug})
exports.createPages = async ({ graphql, actions }) => {
const { createPage } = actions
// The “graphql” function allows us to run arbitrary
// queries against the local Gatsby GraphQL schema. Think of
// it like the site has a built-in database constructed
// from the fetched data that you can run queries against.
const result = await graphql(`
{
allWordpressPage {
edges {
node {
id
path
status
template
}
}
}
allWordpressPost {
edges {
node {
id
path
status
template
format
}
}
}
}
`)
// Check for any errors
if (result.errors) {
throw new Error(result.errors)
}
// Access query results via object destructuring
const { allWordpressPage, allWordpressPost } = result.data
// Create Page pages.
const pageTemplate = path.resolve(`./src/templates/page.js`)
// We want to create a detailed page for each page node.
// The path field contains the relative original WordPress link
// and we use it for the slug to preserve url structure.
// The Page ID is prefixed with 'PAGE_'
allWordpressPage.edges.forEach(edge => {
// Gatsby uses Redux to manage its internal state.
// Plugins and sites can use functions like "createPage"
// to interact with Gatsby.
createPage({
// Each page is required to have a `path` as well
// as a template component. The `context` is
// optional but is often necessary so the template
// can query data specific to each page.
path: edge.node.path,
component: slash(pageTemplate),
context: {
id: edge.node.id,
},
})
})
const postTemplate = path.resolve(`./src/templates/post.js`)
// We want to create a detailed page for each post node.
// The path field stems from the original WordPress link
// and we use it for the slug to preserve url structure.
// The Post ID is prefixed with 'POST_'
allWordpressPost.edges.forEach(edge => {
createPage({
path: edge.node.path,
component: slash(postTemplate),
context: {
id: edge.node.id,
},
})
})
}
graphqlの部分は取得したいものによって変更します。
テンプレートも.templates/post.jsと.templates/page.jsを使います。
最初から設定されているスターターを使うと楽
とまあこのあたり面倒だったりするんで、最初から設定されているスターターを使うのもいいと思います。
https://www.gatsbyjs.org/starters/?v=2
※WordPressという記載があるのものが最初からWordPressと連携できるようになっています。
この場合はgatsby-config.jsのbaseurlを変更します。
取得したいサイトのURLを設定すれば記事の内容が変わります。
問題点
コメントですね、、
公式によるとどうも外部の「Disqus」だったりを使用する方法がおすすめなようで。。
お問い合わせについてはこちらも外部サービスを経由させる形にはなりますが使えればいいといった場合「Getform」を使うと簡単にフォームを設置できました。
お問い合わせページの作成
.src/page/contactpage.jsなどとしてページを作成します。
import React from 'react'
import "./contactpage.css"
import Layout from '../components/Layout'
const contactPage = () => (
<Layout>
<section className="section">
<div className="container">
<form method="post" action="https://getform.io/個別の文字列">
<label>
Email
<input type="email" name="email" />
</label>
<label>
Name
<input type="text" name="name" />
</label>
<label>
Message
<input type="text" name="message" />
</label>
<button className="btn" type="submit">Send</button>
<input className="reset" type="reset" value="Clear" />
</form>
</div>
</section>
</Layout>
)
export default contactPage
これで contactpageにアクセスするとフォームが表示され、送信できます。
楽。
このように専用のページでお問い合わせ履歴を確認できました。
最後に
実際にサイトの表示速度はめちゃくちゃ早いです。
画像もいい感じに表示してくれ、かっこいい。
Gatsbyでなにか作ってみたいなと思いました。